1 00:00:07,240 --> 00:00:10,120 In the summer of 1944, Terror and tyranny 2 00:00:10,280 --> 00:00:13,280 Nazi Third Reich It covers most of Europe. 3 00:00:13,440 --> 00:00:16,720 Occupied countries as long as they can resist 4 00:00:16,880 --> 00:00:19,960 But with the advance of Soviet forces in the east 5 00:00:20,120 --> 00:00:23,240 and the success of Normandy Invasion of the West 6 00:00:23,400 --> 00:00:25,120 Two of the biggest cities in the world 7 00:00:25,280 --> 00:00:28,360 Organize and fight back with strength. 8 00:00:28,520 --> 00:00:31,360 Even in place The greatest horror 9 00:00:31,520 --> 00:00:33,520 There is resistance 10 00:00:36,040 --> 00:00:37,520 All wars change the world. 11 00:00:37,680 --> 00:00:39,400 But none It changed the world 12 00:00:39,560 --> 00:00:41,480 Like World War II 13 00:00:41,640 --> 00:00:44,840 Japan is on the march, Germany is on the march 14 00:00:46,040 --> 00:00:49,040 No one can imagine the nightmare They are letting go. 15 00:00:49,200 --> 00:00:52,000 the most destructive War in human history 16 00:00:52,160 --> 00:00:55,000 Suddenly, the world It is upside down 17 00:00:55,160 --> 00:00:57,320 And all hell breaks loose. 18 00:00:58,520 --> 00:01:02,040 The West is stunned Advance speed 19 00:01:03,000 --> 00:01:05,600 You gain allies Led by the big three: 20 00:01:05,760 --> 00:01:07,960 Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin. 21 00:01:08,120 --> 00:01:10,040 Men who 22 00:01:10,200 --> 00:01:13,000 strongly Complex questions 23 00:01:13,160 --> 00:01:17,040 This is the largest army Human history operation 24 00:01:17,200 --> 00:01:19,040 Allies must come together. 25 00:01:19,200 --> 00:01:21,160 not just military, But industrial scale 26 00:01:21,320 --> 00:01:23,520 This is a global perspective. 27 00:01:23,680 --> 00:01:25,120 They must fight Any weather 28 00:01:25,280 --> 00:01:28,160 From the North Pole to the forest Pacific Ocean, 29 00:01:28,320 --> 00:01:30,760 To the deserts of Africa 30 00:01:30,920 --> 00:01:32,720 And the depths of the ocean. 31 00:01:34,760 --> 00:01:37,360 But it didn't exist Certainty of victory 32 00:01:37,520 --> 00:01:40,320 It was supposed to be Terrible blood bath 33 00:01:40,480 --> 00:01:42,400 We humans in The absolute worst of them all. 34 00:01:42,560 --> 00:01:44,520 How do they treat other people? 35 00:01:44,680 --> 00:01:46,800 And we see them in them the absolute best 36 00:01:46,960 --> 00:01:49,000 They are willing to give their lives for others to live 37 00:01:49,160 --> 00:01:50,960 World War II was a struggle 38 00:01:51,120 --> 00:01:53,960 in which it can exist A winner... 39 00:01:54,120 --> 00:01:55,680 ... and one was defeated. 40 00:02:26,840 --> 00:02:29,560 Since the fall of France, BBC has broadcast 41 00:02:29,720 --> 00:02:32,520 Daily radio programs to occupied Europe. 42 00:02:33,360 --> 00:02:37,040 Embedded in applications The messages are coded. 43 00:02:41,560 --> 00:02:44,520 The night before D-Day, Allied's invasion 44 00:02:44,680 --> 00:02:45,960 Western Europe, 45 00:02:46,120 --> 00:02:47,920 Broadcast to occupied France 46 00:02:48,080 --> 00:02:50,800 Contains a verse of a poem by Paul Verlaine. 47 00:02:57,880 --> 00:02:59,920 The French Resistance awaits. 48 00:03:00,080 --> 00:03:01,920 And when the BBC announced: 49 00:03:02,080 --> 00:03:03,960 "Wound my heart a monotonous boredom" 50 00:03:04,120 --> 00:03:06,400 This is the word they say They were waiting to hear: 51 00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:08,680 The invasion is underway 52 00:03:10,360 --> 00:03:13,560 Allies want this resistance movement for uprising, 53 00:03:13,720 --> 00:03:15,520 To blow up German railways, to 54 00:03:15,680 --> 00:03:18,520 Ambush German patrols, And to disrupt Germany 55 00:03:18,680 --> 00:03:20,200 In any way they can 56 00:03:21,480 --> 00:03:22,920 All their planning, 57 00:03:23,080 --> 00:03:24,840 All their networks Now it comes into action 58 00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:27,360 To slow down the German reaction 59 00:03:27,520 --> 00:03:28,960 So that the allies can win the race 60 00:03:29,120 --> 00:03:30,840 To make and break. 61 00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:33,320 Many men and women Across France 62 00:03:33,480 --> 00:03:37,160 have threatened So much to catch up on tonight 63 00:03:37,320 --> 00:03:40,200 and the beginning freedom of their country. 64 00:03:42,480 --> 00:03:44,600 after The fall of France in 1940 65 00:03:44,760 --> 00:03:45,840 There are two Frances 66 00:03:46,000 --> 00:03:48,280 There is France which directly by 67 00:03:48,440 --> 00:03:49,960 Germans including Paris 68 00:03:50,120 --> 00:03:53,720 And there is a dummy diet with its capital Vichy 69 00:03:53,880 --> 00:03:56,920 So resistance Groups are formed in each. 70 00:03:58,840 --> 00:04:02,080 From the beginning, The inspiration of the FrenchResistance 71 00:04:02,240 --> 00:04:05,120 To Germany It was embodied by a man 72 00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:09,720 A veteran of the Great War, 73 00:04:09,880 --> 00:04:11,880 General Charles de Gaulle. 74 00:04:12,040 --> 00:04:13,600 Charles de Gaulle 75 00:04:13,760 --> 00:04:15,840 He fought all the way through the German invasion 76 00:04:16,000 --> 00:04:17,920 France in 1940. 77 00:04:18,080 --> 00:04:19,760 instead of Surrender to the Germans 78 00:04:19,920 --> 00:04:21,640 Instead of continuing with the French government, 79 00:04:21,800 --> 00:04:23,200 He enters the UK alone 80 00:04:23,360 --> 00:04:24,400 And just says, "Anyway, 81 00:04:24,560 --> 00:04:26,040 I am now Leader of Free France." 82 00:04:26,200 --> 00:04:27,480 He is self-appointed. 83 00:04:27,640 --> 00:04:30,360 Churchill leaves "Oh, he might be useful." 84 00:04:30,520 --> 00:04:32,440 gives him a notebook, gives him a radio, 85 00:04:32,600 --> 00:04:33,840 It allows him to make some plays. 86 00:04:41,240 --> 00:04:42,560 He declares: 87 00:04:42,720 --> 00:04:44,400 "Vichy "The government is illegitimate." 88 00:04:44,560 --> 00:04:46,560 Anyone in France should come to england 89 00:04:46,720 --> 00:04:48,280 And we begin To form an army 90 00:04:48,440 --> 00:04:49,800 It frees us 91 00:04:49,960 --> 00:04:51,320 If you can't get here, You have to start 92 00:04:51,480 --> 00:04:52,760 Resist while you're there." 93 00:04:53,760 --> 00:04:56,320 This one Extremely important event 94 00:04:56,480 --> 00:04:58,200 In galvanizing French people 95 00:04:58,360 --> 00:05:01,160 Up to that point, they were In desperation 96 00:05:01,320 --> 00:05:04,120 In a quick break in The hands of the Germans 97 00:05:05,000 --> 00:05:06,200 Now here was a voice, 98 00:05:06,360 --> 00:05:09,640 one of their own It gives them hope. 99 00:05:09,800 --> 00:05:12,440 he says, "Flame of the French Resistance 100 00:05:12,600 --> 00:05:16,480 should not be turned off, And it will not turn off." 101 00:05:16,640 --> 00:05:19,200 These are the words that French men and women 102 00:05:19,360 --> 00:05:20,600 They were eager to hear 103 00:05:21,600 --> 00:05:23,440 This is not the only beginning of resistance, 104 00:05:23,600 --> 00:05:26,040 This is the beginning of the climb From Charles de Gaulle 105 00:05:26,200 --> 00:05:28,000 to political power in France 106 00:05:30,360 --> 00:05:32,920 Resistance rises across the country 107 00:05:33,080 --> 00:05:35,280 But these groups are not connected. 108 00:05:35,440 --> 00:05:37,080 And everyone is standing For different things 109 00:05:38,240 --> 00:05:40,200 there is aristocratic catholics, 110 00:05:40,360 --> 00:05:42,440 Communists, Republicans. 111 00:05:42,600 --> 00:05:45,000 Everyone is different Groups jockeying for position 112 00:05:45,160 --> 00:05:46,960 between themselves And fight with 113 00:05:47,120 --> 00:05:48,200 Germans too 114 00:05:49,280 --> 00:05:51,640 A section French citizens, 115 00:05:51,800 --> 00:05:55,360 Teachers, lawyers, Farmers, factory workers, 116 00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:57,240 Participate in the resistance. 117 00:05:59,080 --> 00:06:01,360 Women have an essential role. 118 00:06:04,000 --> 00:06:05,760 one of The most important activities 119 00:06:05,920 --> 00:06:08,920 It was resistance A network of agents 120 00:06:09,080 --> 00:06:10,920 and secret codes and safe houses 121 00:06:11,080 --> 00:06:14,880 which helped smuggling fell Allied flights from France 122 00:06:15,040 --> 00:06:17,440 And back to safety in the UK. 123 00:06:17,600 --> 00:06:21,880 The Underground Railroad helped About 5,000 Allied flights 124 00:06:22,040 --> 00:06:24,360 bring it to freedom During the war 125 00:06:26,040 --> 00:06:28,760 This is Allied invasion potential 126 00:06:28,920 --> 00:06:32,000 Finally arrived France, which creates a volunteer 127 00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:33,880 to attack the resistance 128 00:06:35,680 --> 00:06:39,360 They are gathering equipment. Equipment, weapons 129 00:06:39,520 --> 00:06:41,800 Because they think: "Finally, we will be free. 130 00:06:41,960 --> 00:06:43,600 How do we help speed it up?" 131 00:06:48,640 --> 00:06:50,240 The night before D-Day, 132 00:06:50,400 --> 00:06:53,280 Dozens of people are allied agents It fell behind German lines 133 00:06:53,440 --> 00:06:56,520 To coordinate with groups French resistance, 134 00:06:56,680 --> 00:06:59,480 So-called "Jedburgh teams." 135 00:07:00,680 --> 00:07:02,720 Teams of three 136 00:07:02,880 --> 00:07:04,480 that with a parachute to occupy 137 00:07:04,640 --> 00:07:07,960 An American, an Englishman, and a French representative 138 00:07:09,120 --> 00:07:10,880 they Bring weapons with them 139 00:07:11,040 --> 00:07:12,840 They brought a radio so that they can communicate. 140 00:07:14,160 --> 00:07:16,080 They coordinate activities, 141 00:07:16,240 --> 00:07:19,360 and inform the groups What the Allies are doing. 142 00:07:20,440 --> 00:07:23,440 The Jedburghs have one final point The goal, and it is 143 00:07:23,600 --> 00:07:27,600 Facilitate the invasion plan For June 1944. 144 00:07:31,840 --> 00:07:34,080 Once the allies Earth on June 6, 145 00:07:34,240 --> 00:07:36,360 resistance becomes bold 146 00:07:38,080 --> 00:07:41,120 But many of them cost heavily The price of their courage 147 00:07:41,280 --> 00:07:43,560 Germans, with help From French colleagues, 148 00:07:43,720 --> 00:07:47,280 Hunt anyone Helping the Allies. 149 00:07:47,440 --> 00:07:49,160 Costs From being in the resistance 150 00:07:49,320 --> 00:07:51,600 or around resistance are extremely high. 151 00:07:51,760 --> 00:07:53,480 They can be arrested and imprisoned 152 00:07:53,640 --> 00:07:55,640 They can be sent Work camp, hanging 153 00:07:55,800 --> 00:07:58,120 Often without trial And in public 154 00:07:58,280 --> 00:07:59,960 As a deterrent to the rest 155 00:08:01,200 --> 00:08:03,880 Gestapo Taking retaliatory measures 156 00:08:04,040 --> 00:08:06,000 "For each of Our soldiers were killed. 157 00:08:06,160 --> 00:08:08,160 We will kill 50 people "Resistance Warriors". 158 00:08:11,360 --> 00:08:13,760 Four days after the invasion, 159 00:08:13,920 --> 00:08:16,480 Near the village Oradour-sur-Glane, 160 00:08:16,640 --> 00:08:20,440 Local resistance kills An SS battalion commander 161 00:08:20,600 --> 00:08:24,400 Revenge is Nazi Fast and ruthless. 162 00:08:25,720 --> 00:08:27,200 They take all the men and them 163 00:08:27,360 --> 00:08:28,720 Push them in a bunch of storage, 164 00:08:28,880 --> 00:08:30,320 shoot them And they set the warehouses on fire. 165 00:08:31,280 --> 00:08:33,040 They take everything Women and children 166 00:08:33,200 --> 00:08:34,560 And put them in a church 167 00:08:34,720 --> 00:08:36,880 And then set fire to the church to the ground 168 00:08:37,040 --> 00:08:39,680 Shooting anyone which he tries to climb 169 00:08:40,600 --> 00:08:44,160 Collective revenge for the act of resistance 170 00:08:47,720 --> 00:08:50,000 On July 25, Americans launch 171 00:08:50,160 --> 00:08:52,000 Massive air and ground attack: 172 00:08:52,160 --> 00:08:54,000 Operation Cobra. 173 00:08:55,840 --> 00:08:58,120 After a month And half the battle 174 00:08:58,280 --> 00:09:00,040 among the hedges Normandy, 175 00:09:00,200 --> 00:09:02,600 Allies now disappear 176 00:09:02,760 --> 00:09:04,760 German defense environment. 177 00:09:06,680 --> 00:09:10,000 Paris is the center German occupation force 178 00:09:10,160 --> 00:09:13,160 But they were not allies Super interested in Paris 179 00:09:14,120 --> 00:09:16,720 Cities are very big Military problem 180 00:09:16,880 --> 00:09:18,920 You are going to Paris Knowing that you can 181 00:09:19,080 --> 00:09:22,080 Finally, engage in urban combat Don't you want to fight? 182 00:09:22,240 --> 00:09:24,120 The streets are narrow Your ability to maneuver 183 00:09:24,280 --> 00:09:26,720 So war within a city It is nobody's idea 184 00:09:26,880 --> 00:09:28,440 of what you want to do 185 00:09:28,600 --> 00:09:31,440 Of course, if you are French, The situation is completely different 186 00:09:32,480 --> 00:09:35,760 The people are French He thinks that they are allies 187 00:09:35,920 --> 00:09:38,800 Just a few hundred Kilometers from the city of Paris, 188 00:09:38,960 --> 00:09:41,640 And they believe That will be the next Paris 189 00:09:41,800 --> 00:09:44,640 In the big capitals Free Europe 190 00:09:44,800 --> 00:09:46,880 From Nazi fascism 191 00:09:47,040 --> 00:09:50,000 To the French, Paris Not only the capital of France. 192 00:09:50,160 --> 00:09:52,720 is the most important The most iconic city 193 00:09:52,880 --> 00:09:54,320 that you want to release 194 00:09:54,480 --> 00:09:56,880 And a man who thinks He will take control 195 00:09:57,040 --> 00:09:58,720 of all these Charles de Gaulle. 196 00:10:01,360 --> 00:10:02,640 during the war 197 00:10:02,800 --> 00:10:06,040 He creates free French Forces in London and Africa. 198 00:10:06,200 --> 00:10:08,880 French soldiers flock to his colors 199 00:10:10,000 --> 00:10:12,280 and on the day of He is something 200 00:10:12,440 --> 00:10:14,200 A Free French Armed Forces 201 00:10:14,360 --> 00:10:18,000 And de Gaulle is amazed and terrified 202 00:10:18,160 --> 00:10:20,640 Hearing that they are not allies 203 00:10:20,800 --> 00:10:23,200 Focusing on Paris as a key objective 204 00:10:23,360 --> 00:10:27,400 Paris is like being beaten The heart of the French Republic 205 00:10:27,560 --> 00:10:29,200 France does not exist Without Paris 206 00:10:30,040 --> 00:10:33,440 And Dugol said: "If you don't go, I will." 207 00:10:44,480 --> 00:10:46,640 Allied forces Advance across France 208 00:10:46,800 --> 00:10:49,760 To force the Wehrmacht to retreat to the Rhine and beyond. 209 00:10:52,400 --> 00:10:54,880 Freedom of Paris of the Germanoccupation 210 00:10:55,040 --> 00:10:57,240 It is not their original Strategic concern. 211 00:10:57,400 --> 00:11:00,760 But Parisians have other ideas. 212 00:11:00,920 --> 00:11:02,320 problem For Paris it is 213 00:11:02,480 --> 00:11:03,800 during the Normandy invasion happens, 214 00:11:03,960 --> 00:11:06,800 It cuts off the city from it Its main food supply 215 00:11:06,960 --> 00:11:08,960 And there are Germans Trying to get everything 216 00:11:09,120 --> 00:11:10,440 who can leave the city. 217 00:11:10,600 --> 00:11:13,880 So it's very, very unstable. Very unsafe place 218 00:11:15,080 --> 00:11:16,640 And so there is the beginning 219 00:11:16,800 --> 00:11:18,680 Popular uprising in Paris 220 00:11:18,840 --> 00:11:21,800 Many of them are driven by the communist resistance 221 00:11:21,960 --> 00:11:23,600 De Gaulle is completely eager to go to paris 222 00:11:23,760 --> 00:11:26,520 Because what he does not do Paris is to 223 00:11:26,680 --> 00:11:29,120 Released by Communist resistance 224 00:11:29,280 --> 00:11:31,560 He doesn't want to For the freedom of France 225 00:11:31,720 --> 00:11:34,280 Just to fall for it hand of communism 226 00:11:36,280 --> 00:11:39,440 To be sure of it French forces liberated Paris 227 00:11:39,600 --> 00:11:41,480 General de Gaulle Need support 228 00:11:41,640 --> 00:11:43,440 From His Highness Allied Commander: 229 00:11:43,600 --> 00:11:45,920 General Dwight Eisenhower 230 00:11:46,080 --> 00:11:48,080 double He didn't have that many cards 231 00:11:48,240 --> 00:11:49,920 To play in 1944, 232 00:11:50,080 --> 00:11:52,480 But he played them to anyone else's skill 233 00:11:52,640 --> 00:11:54,920 There is a French unit, Second Armored Division 234 00:11:55,080 --> 00:11:56,720 It is controlled by the general Philip Leclerc, Ann 235 00:11:56,880 --> 00:11:58,920 America has disobeyed He orders us to come closer 236 00:11:59,080 --> 00:12:00,800 And closer and closer to city to be able to 237 00:12:00,960 --> 00:12:02,240 If necessary, go to Paris. 238 00:12:03,800 --> 00:12:06,720 And also De Gaulle About became very aggressive 239 00:12:06,880 --> 00:12:09,200 The second commandment Armored army towards the city. 240 00:12:09,360 --> 00:12:11,520 General Dad Special Leclerc 241 00:12:11,680 --> 00:12:13,960 Instructions to “no matter what These Americans tell you, 242 00:12:14,120 --> 00:12:15,640 I need you to go to Paris." 243 00:12:16,800 --> 00:12:18,400 As Winston Churchill used to say 244 00:12:18,560 --> 00:12:20,400 He tends to bite The hand that feeds him 245 00:12:20,560 --> 00:12:22,000 you have to give However, he has credit, 246 00:12:22,160 --> 00:12:23,680 Because he cares about one thing, 247 00:12:23,840 --> 00:12:24,960 And that is Free France. 248 00:12:32,120 --> 00:12:34,680 Shortly after D-Day, With coordination 249 00:12:34,840 --> 00:12:37,320 their western allies, Soviet throws 250 00:12:37,480 --> 00:12:40,320 The mass power of the reds Army against the Germans 251 00:12:42,040 --> 00:12:43,240 Operation Bagration 252 00:12:43,400 --> 00:12:44,960 Giant Soviet attack 253 00:12:45,120 --> 00:12:46,680 In the summer of 1944 254 00:12:46,840 --> 00:12:48,120 It is almost timed 255 00:12:48,280 --> 00:12:50,320 with allies Landing in Normandy 256 00:12:51,440 --> 00:12:54,360 It's just A terrible attack 257 00:12:54,520 --> 00:12:56,480 About two and a half million 258 00:12:56,640 --> 00:12:58,120 The Soviets are thrown into the war. 259 00:12:58,280 --> 00:13:01,680 Half a million Germans were killed Wounded or captured 260 00:13:03,320 --> 00:13:06,800 Erased a whole German army group on the map, 261 00:13:06,960 --> 00:13:10,840 The whole central part German front in the east 262 00:13:13,920 --> 00:13:16,680 Now the Soviet Army moves to Poland, 263 00:13:16,840 --> 00:13:18,920 And you have to remember this, Of course 264 00:13:19,080 --> 00:13:21,400 Poland was the reason The war began 265 00:13:23,040 --> 00:13:26,800 {\an8}In the fall of 1939, Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin 266 00:13:26,960 --> 00:13:28,840 {\an8}agreed to divide Poland. 267 00:13:30,000 --> 00:13:31,720 When Hitler took Poland, 268 00:13:31,880 --> 00:13:36,800 He treated it like a laboratory for his racial beliefs, 269 00:13:36,960 --> 00:13:40,480 His plans for destruction Jewish people 270 00:13:40,640 --> 00:13:45,160 And for treatment Eastern Slavic people 271 00:13:45,320 --> 00:13:49,080 As originally a slave Race to the death 272 00:13:51,200 --> 00:13:54,760 It was Poland stained with blood and murder, 273 00:13:54,920 --> 00:13:57,280 crushed under German Jackboot, 274 00:13:57,440 --> 00:13:59,920 Its soil is watered with blood 275 00:14:00,080 --> 00:14:02,080 Lots of it Jewish community 276 00:14:04,120 --> 00:14:08,120 The Poles have been Living in hell for five years 277 00:14:08,280 --> 00:14:10,920 If you live in Warsaw, You are one of the best 278 00:14:11,080 --> 00:14:12,840 unlucky people have ever lived 279 00:14:16,440 --> 00:14:18,760 All this time It was a scary show 280 00:14:18,920 --> 00:14:21,080 imposed on the Poles, have kept 281 00:14:21,240 --> 00:14:24,440 a shadow government A kind of national unity 282 00:14:24,600 --> 00:14:26,200 They have a government in exile in London, 283 00:14:26,360 --> 00:14:29,000 and is sending orders to a home army, 284 00:14:29,160 --> 00:14:30,960 kind of Secret underground army 285 00:14:31,120 --> 00:14:33,360 Resistance fighters in Poland 286 00:14:35,040 --> 00:14:38,160 Polish Home Army It really took shape 287 00:14:38,320 --> 00:14:40,480 Immediately after The Germans attacked. 288 00:14:40,640 --> 00:14:41,720 There was a real sense, 289 00:14:41,880 --> 00:14:43,520 Among the Polish community, 290 00:14:43,680 --> 00:14:45,840 And especially young people People: "We will fight." 291 00:14:46,000 --> 00:14:49,280 It was always launched as a Official military organization 292 00:14:49,440 --> 00:14:51,400 This was not just a special case A group of partisans 293 00:14:52,360 --> 00:14:54,880 They took over the information Gathering of forces movements 294 00:14:55,040 --> 00:14:57,240 gathered information about camps, 295 00:14:57,400 --> 00:14:59,320 About Auschwitz and others. 296 00:15:00,680 --> 00:15:03,800 It is a home army Led by an excavalry officer 297 00:15:03,960 --> 00:15:06,640 who has fought Germans since 1939... 298 00:15:09,080 --> 00:15:11,600 General Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski. 299 00:15:15,800 --> 00:15:18,240 On July 29, 1944, 300 00:15:18,400 --> 00:15:20,480 as are allies Cut through France, 301 00:15:20,640 --> 00:15:24,080 The Soviets arrive Suburbs of Warsaw 302 00:15:27,160 --> 00:15:29,080 Polish Home Army Waiting for the moment 303 00:15:29,240 --> 00:15:30,880 When the Germans They are about to retreat 304 00:15:31,040 --> 00:15:33,840 And just before that The Soviets arrive 305 00:15:34,000 --> 00:15:35,680 Because this is the opportunity 306 00:15:35,840 --> 00:15:39,560 To preserve Poland's independence, Polish government 307 00:15:42,120 --> 00:15:43,720 they He wanted to prove to the world 308 00:15:43,880 --> 00:15:45,520 who stood on their own feet 309 00:15:45,680 --> 00:15:47,560 And they fought for it free their country 310 00:15:47,720 --> 00:15:50,320 They don't want to give until the Nazi dictatorship 311 00:15:50,480 --> 00:15:53,120 And just replace it with the Soviet dictatorship 312 00:15:55,600 --> 00:15:59,160 Polish Home Army and General Bor-Komorovsky 313 00:15:59,320 --> 00:16:01,560 They have been planning for a long time For this moment. 314 00:16:03,480 --> 00:16:06,640 There are weapons depots, Command structures 315 00:16:06,800 --> 00:16:08,920 There are instructions From senior officers 316 00:16:09,080 --> 00:16:11,520 Based in London There is a plan. 317 00:16:13,080 --> 00:16:15,760 tens of thousands from the forces of the internal army 318 00:16:15,920 --> 00:16:17,560 It will go all over the city 319 00:16:17,720 --> 00:16:19,320 and go for The most important things: 320 00:16:19,480 --> 00:16:20,840 Airports, bridges, 321 00:16:21,000 --> 00:16:23,040 The main focal point Nazi strengths 322 00:16:24,760 --> 00:16:27,640 It was a moment when Timing was everything 323 00:16:27,800 --> 00:16:30,960 If they do it too soon, The Germans crush them. 324 00:16:31,120 --> 00:16:34,640 If they do it too late, The Soviets will conquer them. 325 00:16:39,400 --> 00:16:40,680 The Red Army was coming. 326 00:16:40,840 --> 00:16:42,680 It was as if he was there Only this was gigantic 327 00:16:42,840 --> 00:16:45,160 which had to The Germans left the city 328 00:16:46,440 --> 00:16:49,280 Outside Warsaw, The Germans are regrouping 329 00:16:49,440 --> 00:16:51,480 On the banks of the Vistula River. 330 00:16:52,560 --> 00:16:54,760 The Poles are listening sounds of fighting 331 00:16:54,920 --> 00:16:56,080 Think the Red Army will win. 332 00:16:56,240 --> 00:16:58,240 And they are doing Come to Warsaw 333 00:16:59,320 --> 00:17:01,720 General Bor-Komorovsky orders 334 00:17:01,880 --> 00:17:03,840 To start an uprising. 335 00:17:15,320 --> 00:17:17,280 The Poles have He resisted the Germans 336 00:17:17,440 --> 00:17:18,960 It's been almost five years. 337 00:17:19,120 --> 00:17:22,080 Now, with the Soviets The other side of the Vistula, 338 00:17:22,240 --> 00:17:25,600 Polish Home Army He uses the opportunity. 339 00:17:25,760 --> 00:17:27,960 Because of the Red Army It comes very fast 340 00:17:28,120 --> 00:17:29,600 to the gates of Warsaw, 341 00:17:29,760 --> 00:17:33,240 General Bor-Komorovsky gives The order to start the uprising 342 00:17:33,400 --> 00:17:35,760 Polish Home Army Think this is the right moment 343 00:17:35,920 --> 00:17:38,640 The Russians are approaching. The Germans are clear 344 00:17:38,800 --> 00:17:41,160 prepare to evacuate and the Poles 345 00:17:41,320 --> 00:17:44,320 appears out of the sewers, from the back alleys, 346 00:17:44,480 --> 00:17:47,880 Out of the cellars, and They raised the flag of rebellion. 347 00:17:50,000 --> 00:17:52,200 Civilians are excited, they are happy. 348 00:17:52,360 --> 00:17:54,000 For the first time since 1939, 349 00:17:54,160 --> 00:17:55,600 They can sing National Anthem. 350 00:17:55,760 --> 00:17:58,320 They push the tram, They build a trench, 351 00:17:58,480 --> 00:18:00,160 And they make it so right, Very difficult 352 00:18:00,320 --> 00:18:01,760 For the Germans to fight there. 353 00:18:03,080 --> 00:18:05,920 This is a heroic moment. An exciting moment 354 00:18:06,080 --> 00:18:09,520 Poland is rising like a phoenix from the ashes 355 00:18:12,400 --> 00:18:15,040 But the attack is done It does not go as expected. 356 00:18:15,200 --> 00:18:17,800 They succeed capture the post office, 357 00:18:17,960 --> 00:18:20,880 They succeed in taking over Germany's important arsenal 358 00:18:21,040 --> 00:18:22,960 But they do not manage To secure airports 359 00:18:23,120 --> 00:18:25,280 So it's for the taking until the end of that day 360 00:18:25,440 --> 00:18:28,240 You get this type Twisted piece by piece 361 00:18:28,400 --> 00:18:30,280 control of Poland and Germany, 362 00:18:30,440 --> 00:18:32,560 That guarantees there will be 363 00:18:32,720 --> 00:18:34,360 The mother of all street fights 364 00:18:36,640 --> 00:18:38,800 Polish Home Army Waiting for the Germans 365 00:18:38,960 --> 00:18:41,280 Warsaw control In retreat. 366 00:18:45,040 --> 00:18:48,360 Instead, the Wehrmacht attacks The Red Army on the Vistula... 367 00:18:49,520 --> 00:18:51,520 ...and preserves them Grabbing Warsaw. 368 00:18:55,320 --> 00:18:57,560 Adolf Hitler meets With Heinrich Himmler, 369 00:18:57,720 --> 00:19:00,120 Head of the Nazi SS. 370 00:19:00,800 --> 00:19:03,640 at night From August 1, 1944, 371 00:19:03,800 --> 00:19:05,440 Himmler ascends Wolfsschanze 372 00:19:05,600 --> 00:19:08,600 He sees Hitler. And Hitler is raging around. 373 00:19:08,760 --> 00:19:11,200 And Himmler leaves, "You know, I am Pishor, 374 00:19:11,360 --> 00:19:15,240 Let's use this as a moment Wipe Warsaw off the map 375 00:19:15,400 --> 00:19:17,840 Because this city is miserable It has blocked our way 376 00:19:18,000 --> 00:19:20,120 German expansion to East for hundreds of years 377 00:19:20,280 --> 00:19:21,520 So let's do it." 378 00:19:22,560 --> 00:19:25,720 So that night, they give it what it is called "Warsaw Decree". 379 00:19:27,360 --> 00:19:29,000 The Germans have a plan 380 00:19:29,160 --> 00:19:30,760 Literally wipe out Poland 381 00:19:30,920 --> 00:19:32,200 from the ground 382 00:19:33,120 --> 00:19:35,400 One, you want to send a message to the rest 383 00:19:35,560 --> 00:19:37,200 which is The cost of defying me 384 00:19:37,360 --> 00:19:39,720 But there is another reason You want to destroy Poland 385 00:19:39,880 --> 00:19:41,800 as a national identity 386 00:19:43,520 --> 00:19:45,640 every The warrior is going to be killed 387 00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:47,440 All men, women and children, 388 00:19:47,600 --> 00:19:48,840 Civilians are going to be killed. 389 00:19:49,000 --> 00:19:50,680 And then the city will be looted, 390 00:19:50,840 --> 00:19:53,680 and then "glattrasiert" It means razed to the ground 391 00:19:58,080 --> 00:20:00,960 Germans It was poured into the forces of a merciless shock 392 00:20:01,120 --> 00:20:03,040 With a clear purpose Destroy them 393 00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:06,680 The home army is over Their weapon stocks are very fast. 394 00:20:09,600 --> 00:20:11,880 The Poles Think the Red Army is coming 395 00:20:12,040 --> 00:20:14,040 everything It depended on the idea 396 00:20:14,200 --> 00:20:15,680 that the Germans were either leaving 397 00:20:15,840 --> 00:20:17,360 or failed to strengthen 398 00:20:17,520 --> 00:20:19,320 Their existing forces in Warsaw. 399 00:20:20,200 --> 00:20:22,760 None of these two It turned out to be true 400 00:20:22,920 --> 00:20:24,160 The Germans were not leaving 401 00:20:24,320 --> 00:20:26,320 And the Soviets did not come. 402 00:20:26,480 --> 00:20:28,520 Stalin says To everyone's surprise: 403 00:20:28,680 --> 00:20:30,400 "Stop the army." 404 00:20:31,520 --> 00:20:35,240 They can see across the river: Warsaw is burning. 405 00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:39,280 Although the Soviet They are just across the river. 406 00:20:39,440 --> 00:20:41,800 They make no effort to support 407 00:20:41,960 --> 00:20:44,680 Resistance in his uprising Against the Germans 408 00:20:44,840 --> 00:20:46,360 Rather, they sit on the other side of the river 409 00:20:46,520 --> 00:20:48,840 And watch the Germans Suppression of the uprising 410 00:20:50,240 --> 00:20:51,760 Stalin It just doesn't do anything; 411 00:20:51,920 --> 00:20:53,920 He actively interferes with the efforts of the Allies 412 00:20:54,080 --> 00:20:56,200 to help the domestic army, Polish uprising 413 00:20:57,560 --> 00:20:59,680 from their air bases in Italy, 414 00:20:59,840 --> 00:21:03,960 The British and the Americans are trying to release resources to the Poles. 415 00:21:04,120 --> 00:21:05,920 Churchill asks for permission: 416 00:21:06,080 --> 00:21:09,000 “Allied planes can carry supplies Use Soviet bases 417 00:21:09,160 --> 00:21:11,240 For refueling and repairs?" 418 00:21:11,400 --> 00:21:13,040 Stalin says no. 419 00:21:13,840 --> 00:21:15,200 Stalin has always been hated 420 00:21:15,360 --> 00:21:17,200 The Polish government in London. 421 00:21:17,360 --> 00:21:20,080 which he considers bourgeois, Imperialist, capitalist 422 00:21:20,240 --> 00:21:24,200 He is small Polish Communist Party 423 00:21:24,360 --> 00:21:26,680 He is always planning Give them a parachute 424 00:21:26,840 --> 00:21:28,080 As his government in Poland. 425 00:21:29,040 --> 00:21:31,920 And so is Stalin Satisfied to watch the Germans 426 00:21:32,080 --> 00:21:33,920 completely destroy Polish Home Army 427 00:21:34,080 --> 00:21:35,920 destroying the population of Warsaw, 428 00:21:36,080 --> 00:21:37,920 and destroy the city itself. 429 00:21:38,080 --> 00:21:40,240 Stalin wants to conquer Poland, 430 00:21:40,400 --> 00:21:41,760 But he wants to be sure 431 00:21:41,920 --> 00:21:45,440 which then becomes A communist client state. 432 00:21:45,600 --> 00:21:48,840 He wants to wait As long as the Nazis have 433 00:21:49,000 --> 00:21:50,800 The underground destroyed Poland 434 00:21:50,960 --> 00:21:52,920 Before entering Warsaw. 435 00:21:53,080 --> 00:21:55,160 Let them do his work for him. 436 00:21:57,720 --> 00:22:02,280 Hitler sends himself Most of the crew is psychotic 437 00:22:02,440 --> 00:22:06,200 Of sadistic killers and sadists 438 00:22:08,000 --> 00:22:10,400 Some of them They are the most brutal killers 439 00:22:10,560 --> 00:22:11,880 of the entire Nazi regime 440 00:22:12,040 --> 00:22:13,360 Like Oscar Dirlewanger. 441 00:22:13,520 --> 00:22:15,000 Not even the SS does that I want to work with him 442 00:22:16,360 --> 00:22:18,520 they pass The building after construction, 443 00:22:18,680 --> 00:22:20,720 And these are rounded People by the thousands 444 00:22:20,880 --> 00:22:22,520 And then ditch those people. 445 00:22:24,240 --> 00:22:26,520 when 5000, 6000 corpses lie there, 446 00:22:26,680 --> 00:22:28,880 Then they enter Verbrennungskommando, 447 00:22:29,040 --> 00:22:31,160 These burning commandos, to cremate the bodies, 448 00:22:31,320 --> 00:22:32,880 Specialists from places Like Treblinka 449 00:22:33,040 --> 00:22:36,360 who are now experts In burning human flesh 450 00:22:38,200 --> 00:22:42,680 They loot the whole city And then they destroy it. 451 00:22:42,840 --> 00:22:45,200 building to building libraries, 452 00:22:45,360 --> 00:22:47,240 Museums, everything is destroyed. 453 00:22:51,040 --> 00:22:54,640 Polish Home Army Surrenders. 454 00:22:54,800 --> 00:22:59,360 General Bor-Komorovsky Imprisoned by the Nazis 455 00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:02,680 until the end Warsaw Uprising 456 00:23:02,840 --> 00:23:05,640 About 200,000 Civilians have been killed. 457 00:23:07,040 --> 00:23:08,840 Then the rest of the population 458 00:23:09,000 --> 00:23:10,920 They are sent to camps like Auschwitz. 459 00:23:11,240 --> 00:23:13,880 Some are sent as workers to the Reich 460 00:23:14,040 --> 00:23:15,840 So the destruction of Warsaw 461 00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:17,680 It is unique in destroying cities 462 00:23:17,840 --> 00:23:19,120 In World War II in Europe 463 00:23:20,240 --> 00:23:22,200 In Warsaw, tragically, 464 00:23:22,360 --> 00:23:25,240 The Germans chose To fulfill that wish 465 00:23:25,400 --> 00:23:29,040 For the independence of Poland With great power... 466 00:23:30,600 --> 00:23:34,320 ...killing and smashing and eradicate Polish culture. 467 00:23:36,960 --> 00:23:39,480 to say "no, You will not free yourself. 468 00:23:39,640 --> 00:23:41,920 in fact, You have condemned yourself." 469 00:23:48,600 --> 00:23:50,600 August, 1944 470 00:23:50,760 --> 00:23:54,080 The Germans have arrived Full retreat across France. 471 00:23:55,520 --> 00:23:57,640 They begin to evacuate Paris. 472 00:23:58,760 --> 00:24:02,200 Parisians sense a chance to reclaim their city 473 00:24:03,360 --> 00:24:05,440 But they need a spark. 474 00:24:05,600 --> 00:24:07,800 On August 15, Paris police 475 00:24:07,960 --> 00:24:10,240 which was 20,000 strong and has been 476 00:24:10,400 --> 00:24:12,480 Cooperation with the Germans until that moment, 477 00:24:12,640 --> 00:24:14,600 It actually changes sides 478 00:24:14,760 --> 00:24:16,920 and raised the flag in their building, 479 00:24:17,080 --> 00:24:20,720 give a sign to The rest of the city 480 00:24:20,880 --> 00:24:22,160 And of course to the partisans, 481 00:24:22,320 --> 00:24:25,200 That was the moment The uprising must begin 482 00:24:28,720 --> 00:24:32,160 And so the streets Paris became a battlefield 483 00:24:35,680 --> 00:24:38,600 France has resistance Preparing for this moment 484 00:24:38,760 --> 00:24:40,400 For a very long time. 485 00:24:43,120 --> 00:24:45,520 And they do the opposite Germans are very fast 486 00:24:45,680 --> 00:24:47,000 And quite successfully 487 00:24:49,600 --> 00:24:51,080 As it happened, 488 00:24:51,240 --> 00:24:53,240 Charles de Gaulle appeared To the Supreme Allied Commander 489 00:24:53,400 --> 00:24:54,640 Eisenhower's headquarters 490 00:24:54,800 --> 00:24:57,000 And go, “We have to march to Paris." 491 00:24:57,160 --> 00:24:59,280 the allies I don't particularly like de Gaulle. 492 00:24:59,440 --> 00:25:02,440 But see de Gaulle as a bastion against communism 493 00:25:02,600 --> 00:25:04,040 Eisenhower He is smart enough to know 494 00:25:04,200 --> 00:25:05,720 to really look like really good 495 00:25:05,880 --> 00:25:08,560 If the first troops arrive Paris was the Free French. 496 00:25:10,040 --> 00:25:12,960 Eisenhower decides to allow the Free French Forces 497 00:25:13,120 --> 00:25:15,000 To send an army to the city 498 00:25:15,160 --> 00:25:18,400 And to help the rebels To liberate the city 499 00:25:19,960 --> 00:25:22,200 Supported by The fourth part of America, 500 00:25:22,360 --> 00:25:24,760 General de Gaulle orders the French 501 00:25:24,920 --> 00:25:27,000 The second armored division entered Paris. 502 00:25:28,440 --> 00:25:29,960 to the bitter end 503 00:25:30,120 --> 00:25:31,680 Adolf Hitler issues instructions 504 00:25:31,840 --> 00:25:34,080 To General von Koltitz, who controlled Paris, 505 00:25:34,240 --> 00:25:35,560 To destroy the city 506 00:25:35,720 --> 00:25:37,720 Hitler, during a telephone call contact von Choltitz, 507 00:25:37,880 --> 00:25:39,440 He asks: Is Paris burning? 508 00:25:40,680 --> 00:25:42,440 And von Koltitz tells him: 509 00:25:42,600 --> 00:25:44,280 "Yes, my leader, We burned the city." 510 00:25:48,960 --> 00:25:52,280 instead, He negotiates surrender. 511 00:26:01,160 --> 00:26:02,880 These are the officers and itsmen 512 00:26:03,040 --> 00:26:06,440 The second French armor The division that entered Paris for the first time. 513 00:26:12,000 --> 00:26:14,200 So De Gaulle can claim which the French have 514 00:26:14,360 --> 00:26:15,480 They released their capital. 515 00:26:15,640 --> 00:26:17,680 And not just any old French, Not the communist French, 516 00:26:17,840 --> 00:26:19,760 No resistance... His French army. 517 00:26:25,640 --> 00:26:27,560 He is one leading the parade 518 00:26:27,720 --> 00:26:29,240 In the streets of Paris 519 00:26:29,400 --> 00:26:32,280 It presents itself as legitimate The leader of the French government 520 00:26:37,520 --> 00:26:39,480 all in The city is already out 521 00:26:39,640 --> 00:26:42,560 Because they feel that they The moment of liberation is upon them. 522 00:26:51,880 --> 00:26:55,200 But it still exists German soldiers in Paris 523 00:27:05,800 --> 00:27:07,760 General D Gul went straight forward 524 00:27:07,920 --> 00:27:09,840 to what appeared to me hail from fire. 525 00:27:10,000 --> 00:27:12,640 But he went straight ahead Undoubtedly, 526 00:27:12,800 --> 00:27:14,560 His shoulders were thrown back. 527 00:27:18,120 --> 00:27:20,920 Most Germans have surrendered or fled. 528 00:27:21,080 --> 00:27:23,160 Last tracked, 529 00:27:23,320 --> 00:27:25,320 with French colleagues. 530 00:27:48,080 --> 00:27:50,120 He offers Freedom of Paris 531 00:27:50,280 --> 00:27:52,240 As a story of self-liberation, 532 00:27:52,400 --> 00:27:54,360 It was Paris can free himself 533 00:27:54,520 --> 00:27:56,920 from the yoke German occupation 534 00:27:57,080 --> 00:27:58,440 Without the help of allies 535 00:28:04,960 --> 00:28:06,480 However, let's say, 536 00:28:06,640 --> 00:28:08,040 The presence of allies in the region 537 00:28:08,200 --> 00:28:09,560 also an important role in 538 00:28:09,720 --> 00:28:11,920 Convince the Germans that it is time to go 539 00:28:13,600 --> 00:28:15,320 It will be France Enter this post-war period 540 00:28:15,480 --> 00:28:17,280 Proudly and confidently 541 00:28:17,440 --> 00:28:19,480 It is hard to imagine How did this happen? 542 00:28:19,640 --> 00:28:22,160 If not for everyone's efforts from resistance groups 543 00:28:22,320 --> 00:28:24,200 which he fought against Nazi aggression 544 00:28:31,600 --> 00:28:33,920 But, in Warsaw, The result is different. 545 00:28:34,880 --> 00:28:37,640 The city is destroyed by the Nazis. 546 00:28:39,080 --> 00:28:41,080 And what remains will be captured 547 00:28:41,240 --> 00:28:42,920 and controlled by the Soviets. 548 00:28:46,880 --> 00:28:49,960 Paris, the city of light is saved. 549 00:28:51,160 --> 00:28:54,080 Warsaw, and hope The people of Poland 550 00:28:54,240 --> 00:28:56,040 It has been destroyed. 551 00:29:13,080 --> 00:29:15,640 Resistance is important 552 00:29:15,800 --> 00:29:17,360 For the people of a nation 553 00:29:17,520 --> 00:29:20,000 who do not want to obey 554 00:29:21,280 --> 00:29:23,440 While the French and Poles 555 00:29:23,600 --> 00:29:25,240 Uprising against the Germans 556 00:29:25,400 --> 00:29:28,920 Inside the annihilation camps in Auschwitz and others, 557 00:29:29,080 --> 00:29:32,240 This also exists The spirit of resistance 558 00:29:36,960 --> 00:29:39,600 Intentional The killing of the Jews by the Nazis 559 00:29:39,760 --> 00:29:42,120 It started with a bullet. 560 00:29:44,040 --> 00:29:45,720 A little after the Germans 561 00:29:45,880 --> 00:29:48,800 attacked the Soviet Union In June 1941... 562 00:29:50,360 --> 00:29:53,680 They started shooting the Jews Children, women and men... 563 00:29:54,680 --> 00:29:57,520 And bury them there valleys and forests. 564 00:30:00,440 --> 00:30:02,680 But finally the Nazis Required 565 00:30:02,840 --> 00:30:06,240 A more systematic method Murder 566 00:30:07,160 --> 00:30:08,960 There were dozens of people Thousands of camps 567 00:30:09,120 --> 00:30:11,080 until the end of the war This is a huge infrastructure. 568 00:30:11,240 --> 00:30:14,680 But there are many Few death camps 569 00:30:14,840 --> 00:30:16,800 In this huge system 570 00:30:16,960 --> 00:30:19,080 Six death camps 571 00:30:19,240 --> 00:30:20,920 Chelmano, which is the main death camp, 572 00:30:21,080 --> 00:30:23,400 Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, 573 00:30:23,560 --> 00:30:25,000 And then Auschwitz-Birkenau 574 00:30:25,160 --> 00:30:26,600 and Majdanek 575 00:30:28,400 --> 00:30:30,360 as the Red Army Pushes to Poland, 576 00:30:30,520 --> 00:30:33,560 The Nazis are trying to hide their great crime 577 00:30:33,720 --> 00:30:36,400 By dismantling Killing centers. 578 00:30:39,560 --> 00:30:40,840 They destroyed the documents. 579 00:30:41,000 --> 00:30:42,600 destroyed Great death camps 580 00:30:42,760 --> 00:30:44,560 in Belzac, Sobibor, and Treblinka 581 00:30:44,720 --> 00:30:46,680 They get rid of extensive Most buildings 582 00:30:46,840 --> 00:30:48,200 They cover them. 583 00:30:48,360 --> 00:30:49,680 They create farm houses on the site 584 00:30:49,840 --> 00:30:51,360 To hide everything which they have done. 585 00:30:51,520 --> 00:30:53,720 And then as a camp Enter the path 586 00:30:53,880 --> 00:30:57,040 the invading allied armies, They are discharged. 587 00:31:01,440 --> 00:31:03,440 In Auschwitz-Birkenau, There are prisoners 588 00:31:03,600 --> 00:31:06,960 determined to Document the Nazi murders. 589 00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:09,200 destruction Camp system 590 00:31:09,360 --> 00:31:11,520 Includes categories of people. 591 00:31:11,680 --> 00:31:13,080 Some of them have survived 592 00:31:13,240 --> 00:31:16,320 Because they looked They were young or fit or healthy enough. 593 00:31:16,480 --> 00:31:19,040 Those people are working on something It is called Sonderkommando. 594 00:31:19,200 --> 00:31:22,360 They are supposed to to sort clothes 595 00:31:22,520 --> 00:31:24,680 Arrange the hair that is there cut off people 596 00:31:24,840 --> 00:31:27,240 to move bodies, so terrible 597 00:31:27,400 --> 00:31:29,080 Terrible jobs which is given to them. 598 00:31:30,200 --> 00:31:32,080 In 1944 in Auschwitz-Birkenau 599 00:31:32,240 --> 00:31:33,680 Members of the resistance movement 600 00:31:33,840 --> 00:31:35,920 Succeeded in smuggling A camera into the camp 601 00:31:36,080 --> 00:31:38,400 Sonderkommando, who were witnesses 602 00:31:38,560 --> 00:31:40,080 All these things on a daily basis, 603 00:31:40,240 --> 00:31:41,840 Secure this camera. And their ambition is that 604 00:31:42,000 --> 00:31:44,600 Use this camera to Record images from 605 00:31:44,760 --> 00:31:46,480 What is going on in the camp? 606 00:31:46,640 --> 00:31:49,800 For those photos To make the world answer. 607 00:31:50,920 --> 00:31:54,600 A prisoner succeeds in photographing horror. 608 00:32:02,520 --> 00:32:03,960 Four images of hell. 609 00:32:05,240 --> 00:32:07,680 really Something extraordinary about them 610 00:32:07,840 --> 00:32:09,840 This is the pictures They are framed 611 00:32:10,000 --> 00:32:11,520 from inside the door 612 00:32:11,680 --> 00:32:13,680 From the gas chamber building itself. 613 00:32:13,840 --> 00:32:16,960 So the pictures testify to courage 614 00:32:17,120 --> 00:32:19,000 From what this man was doing 615 00:32:19,160 --> 00:32:21,440 And terrible vileness 616 00:32:21,600 --> 00:32:23,800 process at that stage 617 00:32:24,840 --> 00:32:26,720 And what we see Inside these pictures 618 00:32:26,880 --> 00:32:30,360 They are cremation Out of the incinerator 619 00:32:31,920 --> 00:32:34,000 And we see people stripping, 620 00:32:34,160 --> 00:32:36,040 to wait to the gas chamber 621 00:32:39,680 --> 00:32:42,200 It is a movie Put in a tube of toothpaste 622 00:32:42,360 --> 00:32:45,080 And then it was smuggled out to the Polish Home Army 623 00:32:46,520 --> 00:32:50,040 This maybe Only the most valuable 624 00:32:50,200 --> 00:32:53,000 Photographic evidence To get out of Auschwitz 625 00:32:56,440 --> 00:32:59,160 Jews have been fighting since 1933 626 00:32:59,320 --> 00:33:00,560 until the end of the war 627 00:33:00,720 --> 00:33:02,000 There are escapes. 628 00:33:02,160 --> 00:33:05,760 There are individual murders Guards by prisoners 629 00:33:05,920 --> 00:33:08,840 Jews fight He returned all this time 630 00:33:09,840 --> 00:33:12,440 What does resistance mean? He testifies to us 631 00:33:12,600 --> 00:33:14,080 of what happened In those places 632 00:33:18,400 --> 00:33:20,400 In the fall of 1944, 633 00:33:20,560 --> 00:33:23,280 Nazi Germany is retreating On all fronts... 634 00:33:23,440 --> 00:33:24,720 except one: 635 00:33:24,880 --> 00:33:27,080 Their war against the Jews. 636 00:33:28,360 --> 00:33:31,960 Auschwitz-Birkenau It is now the front line. 637 00:33:35,040 --> 00:33:37,640 Not killing Jews A secondary byproduct 638 00:33:37,800 --> 00:33:40,640 From their military goals: Their military goal is 639 00:33:43,000 --> 00:33:44,840 From Hitler Vision is worth it 640 00:33:45,000 --> 00:33:46,640 Allocate resources to it 641 00:33:46,800 --> 00:33:48,960 Despite what it is It happens elsewhere 642 00:33:49,120 --> 00:33:52,800 In fact, they accelerate The process of mass killing 643 00:33:54,320 --> 00:33:57,520 In 1944, The Nazis decide 644 00:33:57,680 --> 00:34:00,280 Destroy Hungary Jewish population 645 00:34:00,440 --> 00:34:03,320 So it is a special train line Made in Auschwitz-Birkenau, 646 00:34:03,480 --> 00:34:05,240 And hundreds of thousands 647 00:34:05,400 --> 00:34:07,120 Hungarian Jews were rounded up, 648 00:34:07,280 --> 00:34:08,640 And many of them are killed 649 00:34:08,800 --> 00:34:11,560 Within hours of Their arrival at the camp 650 00:34:13,680 --> 00:34:16,600 It is 1944 When Auschwitz hits 651 00:34:16,760 --> 00:34:19,520 Its terrible, terrible climax 652 00:34:19,680 --> 00:34:22,400 in terms of number Of the people killed 653 00:34:26,960 --> 00:34:29,600 Requests begin Come to the American government 654 00:34:29,760 --> 00:34:32,240 to bomb railway lines, 655 00:34:32,400 --> 00:34:34,960 Gas chambers in Auschwitz. incinerator, 656 00:34:35,120 --> 00:34:38,200 Terminal bridges to these camps 657 00:34:39,680 --> 00:34:41,840 idea of Bombing death camps 658 00:34:42,000 --> 00:34:44,640 It is operationally difficult And it is morally difficult. 659 00:34:44,800 --> 00:34:46,280 You are killing the same people 660 00:34:46,440 --> 00:34:47,880 which you are trying to save 661 00:34:49,960 --> 00:34:52,280 Churchill and Roosevelt's view: 662 00:34:52,440 --> 00:34:54,800 humanitarian concerns They were always subordinate 663 00:34:54,960 --> 00:34:56,640 To win the war They used to say: 664 00:34:56,800 --> 00:34:59,200 "The best thing we can help these people 665 00:34:59,360 --> 00:35:02,720 This is the war to one be over as soon as possible." 666 00:35:04,560 --> 00:35:07,040 Prisoners in Auschwitz-Birkenau cannot 667 00:35:07,200 --> 00:35:08,960 Ability to wait for the end of the war. 668 00:35:09,120 --> 00:35:12,560 They want to survive, They want to escape, 669 00:35:12,720 --> 00:35:16,000 And they want to Stop the killing. 670 00:35:21,520 --> 00:35:23,320 From the beginning, There has been 671 00:35:23,480 --> 00:35:26,440 Underground of resistance In Auschwitz-Birkenau 672 00:35:26,600 --> 00:35:29,120 Consisting of different types Prisoner groups, 673 00:35:29,280 --> 00:35:30,960 including the Sonderkommando. 674 00:35:32,240 --> 00:35:34,360 Sonderkommando He begins to understand it 675 00:35:34,520 --> 00:35:36,320 There are less and less of these shipments 676 00:35:36,480 --> 00:35:37,840 It comes from Hungary 677 00:35:38,000 --> 00:35:41,800 "This is the process of destruction completion; Our time is coming. 678 00:35:41,960 --> 00:35:44,120 And if we don't act quickly, We will be killed." 679 00:35:45,480 --> 00:35:48,240 So they started Look at the ways they can resist. 680 00:35:48,400 --> 00:35:50,080 may die trying, 681 00:35:50,240 --> 00:35:51,360 There is a very good chance 682 00:35:51,520 --> 00:35:52,600 That they will die trying, but 683 00:35:52,760 --> 00:35:54,640 At least they can Give yourself a chance 684 00:35:54,800 --> 00:35:57,360 Because they are determined to do everything they can 685 00:35:57,520 --> 00:36:00,000 To meet the moment On their own terms 686 00:36:01,280 --> 00:36:03,160 It is Auschwitz death camp 687 00:36:03,320 --> 00:36:06,240 And it is also mandatory Work facilities 688 00:36:06,400 --> 00:36:08,480 And so were the women 689 00:36:08,640 --> 00:36:10,080 who worked in weapons 690 00:36:10,240 --> 00:36:11,480 Factories near Auschwitz 691 00:36:11,640 --> 00:36:14,200 who had access to gunpowder. 692 00:36:15,640 --> 00:36:16,880 A member Underground 693 00:36:17,040 --> 00:36:19,720 Part of a unit is used who arranges clothes 694 00:36:19,880 --> 00:36:22,160 Dead: Rosa Robota. 695 00:36:22,320 --> 00:36:24,320 He makes a call with the Sonderkommando. 696 00:36:24,480 --> 00:36:27,200 They make a plan Destroy the crematoria, 697 00:36:27,360 --> 00:36:29,680 Sparking a wider uprising, 698 00:36:29,840 --> 00:36:31,360 And try to escape. 699 00:36:32,720 --> 00:36:34,920 Robota hires Jewish women 700 00:36:35,080 --> 00:36:38,040 Working in a munitions factory For gunpowder smuggling: 701 00:36:38,920 --> 00:36:40,120 Alla Gertner, 702 00:36:40,280 --> 00:36:41,920 Regina Safirshtagen, 703 00:36:42,080 --> 00:36:43,440 And Esther Wajiblom. 704 00:36:43,600 --> 00:36:46,400 So they provided these Explosives at very high risk, 705 00:36:46,560 --> 00:36:47,840 And they are smuggling them through 706 00:36:48,000 --> 00:36:50,800 All kinds of innovative devices They are small packages of 707 00:36:50,960 --> 00:36:53,720 the cloth in which they are hidden, And they pass through them. 708 00:36:55,200 --> 00:36:57,000 women They collect gunpowder 709 00:36:57,160 --> 00:36:59,000 to deliver them To their friend Rosa 710 00:36:59,160 --> 00:37:00,640 He is going to Take the gunpowder 711 00:37:00,800 --> 00:37:02,440 to hand Sonderkommando, 712 00:37:02,600 --> 00:37:04,520 which is supposed to Use it to detonate 713 00:37:04,680 --> 00:37:06,120 Crematorium Where they work 714 00:37:08,800 --> 00:37:11,400 At a certain moment, A person takes 715 00:37:11,560 --> 00:37:14,200 A homemade weapon and Launched in a SS member, 716 00:37:14,360 --> 00:37:16,280 And it begins everything 717 00:37:18,920 --> 00:37:21,360 There is smoke There is a noise, there is a shout, 718 00:37:21,520 --> 00:37:23,000 And the shooting comes. 719 00:37:26,000 --> 00:37:29,520 Resistances They partially explode 720 00:37:29,680 --> 00:37:31,960 one of the crematoriums, Furnace Furnace IV. 721 00:37:33,360 --> 00:37:35,240 It is placed forever Out of commission 722 00:37:35,400 --> 00:37:37,000 So the Sonderkommando considered 723 00:37:37,160 --> 00:37:38,440 That is a success. 724 00:37:39,520 --> 00:37:41,720 And in the other incinerator building, Sonderkommando 725 00:37:41,880 --> 00:37:45,600 Force some guards Alive to one of the furnaces. 726 00:37:49,120 --> 00:37:51,080 Escape of some prisoners, 727 00:37:51,240 --> 00:37:53,400 But they are fast He was arrested and executed. 728 00:37:56,640 --> 00:37:58,520 three Women who have been 729 00:37:58,680 --> 00:38:00,200 stealing gunpowder 730 00:38:00,360 --> 00:38:03,080 Plus Rosa Robota They are going to be hanged. 731 00:38:04,000 --> 00:38:06,240 And just like a rope is placed on his neck, 732 00:38:06,400 --> 00:38:10,680 he shouts to the group Collecting prisoners: 733 00:38:12,160 --> 00:38:15,240 "Revenge" or "Sisters, take revenge." 734 00:38:16,560 --> 00:38:19,960 This is a passionate message resilience, resistance, 735 00:38:20,120 --> 00:38:21,960 And keep fighting 736 00:38:24,960 --> 00:38:27,280 In December, The Red Army advances 737 00:38:27,440 --> 00:38:29,240 In Auschwitz-Birkenau. 738 00:38:32,600 --> 00:38:36,440 The SS forced the prisoners On the march to Germany. 739 00:38:39,000 --> 00:38:41,160 Thousands die. 740 00:38:44,840 --> 00:38:47,720 On January 27, 1945, 741 00:38:47,880 --> 00:38:52,360 Soviet soldiers enter The gates of Auschwitz-Birkenau 742 00:38:54,240 --> 00:38:57,280 Auschwitz It really became the center 743 00:38:57,440 --> 00:39:00,360 Massacre of Europe Jews very late in the war. 744 00:39:00,520 --> 00:39:04,040 Important point to know that 80% 745 00:39:04,200 --> 00:39:05,520 Of the Jews killed In the Holocaust 746 00:39:05,680 --> 00:39:07,200 They were not killed in Auschwitz. 747 00:39:07,360 --> 00:39:09,240 But elsewhere in places which are either 748 00:39:09,400 --> 00:39:11,480 Forgotten or largely ignored. 749 00:39:16,400 --> 00:39:18,440 The Nazis and theircolleagues 750 00:39:18,600 --> 00:39:21,120 Killing six million Jews During the war. 751 00:39:22,440 --> 00:39:25,720 Millions more Die at their hands. 752 00:39:28,120 --> 00:39:30,680 But in the face of Unthinkableconditions 753 00:39:30,840 --> 00:39:33,160 And unimaginable cruelty... 754 00:39:36,120 --> 00:39:39,000 ...some find a way to resist. 755 00:39:40,120 --> 00:39:42,320 resistance It takes many forms 756 00:39:42,480 --> 00:39:44,680 It is armed there resistance and uprising 757 00:39:44,840 --> 00:39:47,160 And it happens across Europe 758 00:39:47,320 --> 00:39:49,440 There is spiritual resistance. 759 00:39:49,600 --> 00:39:51,960 Just this idea You are not going to die 760 00:39:52,120 --> 00:39:53,560 Just because The Nazis want you 761 00:39:53,720 --> 00:39:54,920 You will struggle to survive 762 00:39:55,080 --> 00:39:56,760 You are going to document 763 00:39:56,920 --> 00:39:59,120 what happens writing letters, writing diaries, 764 00:39:59,280 --> 00:40:00,800 Bury them in the ground 765 00:40:00,960 --> 00:40:03,200 until one day we can 766 00:40:03,360 --> 00:40:05,000 talk about what you are gone 767 00:40:07,720 --> 00:40:10,760 The nature of tyranny It is revealed in World War II. 768 00:40:10,920 --> 00:40:12,200 Nazis and Japanese 769 00:40:12,360 --> 00:40:14,880 The imperialists They attack their neighbors. 770 00:40:15,040 --> 00:40:16,720 Kidnapping, slave labor, 771 00:40:16,880 --> 00:40:18,720 kill them who disagree with them 772 00:40:19,720 --> 00:40:21,280 It was a natural reaction 773 00:40:21,440 --> 00:40:23,280 from Occupied people 774 00:40:23,440 --> 00:40:25,960 To organize some form of resistance 775 00:40:26,120 --> 00:40:28,880 And it happens Around the World in World War II 776 00:40:32,240 --> 00:40:34,960 After surviving Auschwitz and Buchenwald 777 00:40:35,120 --> 00:40:37,760 Nobel laureate Elie Wiesel said: 778 00:40:37,920 --> 00:40:40,200 "We must always take sides. 779 00:40:40,360 --> 00:40:43,400 Neutrality helps the oppressor. Never a victim 780 00:40:43,560 --> 00:40:45,960 Silence encourages the torturer. 781 00:40:46,120 --> 00:40:47,840 Never painful 782 00:40:48,000 --> 00:40:50,680 "Sometimes we have to intervene." 783 00:40:51,600 --> 00:40:54,840 In the Pacific, President Franklin Roosevelt 784 00:40:55,000 --> 00:40:57,640 General Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester Nimitz 785 00:40:57,800 --> 00:41:01,320 Meet at Pearl Harbor for painting A plan for ultimate failure 786 00:41:01,480 --> 00:41:03,960 - Empire of Japan. - Subtitles by Sky Access Services